Directly from "Laws of The United States of America - Arranged And Published Under The Authority Of An Act of Congress"

[Pg. 122]

"29. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof: or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances [Amendments to the const. art. 1. [Pg. 72]

"30. The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed [Amend to const. art 2] ib

- Laws of The United States of America, From The 4th Of March, 1789, To The 4th Of March, 1815, Including The Constitution Of The United States, The Old Act of Confederation, Treaties, And Many Other Valuable Ordinances And Documents; With Copious Notes And References. Arranged And Published Under The Authority Of An Act of Congress. In Five Volumes. Vol. V. Published By John Bioren And W. John Duane, Philidelphia, And R.C. Weightman, Washington City. 1815.

Does any one see "militia" in that law? NO, you most certainly do NOT. Does everyone see "shall NOT be infringed" in that law?  YES, you most certainly DO.

Now let's examine the commonly understood definition of "infringed" at that period, shall we? To Wit:

 INFRINGEMENT.

TO INFRINGE, V. To encroach.

TO INFRINGE, VIOLATE, TRANSGRESS.

INFRINGE, from frango to break, signifies to break into.

VIOLATE, from the Latin vis force, signifies to use force towards.

TRANSGRESS, from trans and gredior, signifies to go beyond, or farther than we ought.

The civil and moral laws are infringed by those who act in opposition to them: treaties and engagements are violated by those who do not hold them sacred: the bounds which are prescribed by the moral law are transgressed by those who are guilty of any excess. It is the business of government to see that the rights and privileges of individuals or particular bodies be not infringed: policy but too frequently runs counter to equity; where the particular interests of princes are more regarded than the dictates of conscience; treaties and compacts are first violated and then justified: the passions, when not kept under proper control, will ever hurry men on to transgress the limits of right reason.

I hold friendship to be a very holy league, and no less than a piacle to infringe it. Howel.

No violated leagues with sharp remorse Shall sting the conscious victor. Somerville.

Why hast thou, Satan, broke the bounds pre-scrib'd To thy transgressions? Milton.

INFRINGEMENT, INFRACTION.

INFRINGEMENT and INFRACTION, which are both derived from the Latin verb infringo or frango (v. To infringe), are employed according to the different senses of the verb infringe: the former being applied to the rights of individuals, either in their domestic or public capacity; and the latter rather to national transactions. Politeness, which teaches us what is due to every man in the smallest concerns, considers any unasked for interference in the private affairs of another as an infringement. Equity, which enjoins on nations as well as individuals, an attentive consideration to the interests of the whole forbids the infraction of a treaty in any case.

- ENGLISH SYNONYMES EXPLAINED, IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER; WITH COPIOUS ILLUSTRATIONS AND EXAMPLES DRAWN FROM THE BEST WRITERS. BY GEORGE CRABB OF MAGDALEN HALL, OXFORD. SECOND EDITION, GREATLY ENLARGED AND CORRECTED. Sed cum idem frequentissime plura significent, quod ?????????? vooatur, jam sunt aliis alia honestiora, sublimiora, nitidiora, jucundiora, vocaliora. Quintil. Inst. Orat. lib. is. LONDON: PRINTED FOR BALDWIN, CRADOCK, AND JOY, 47, PATERNOSTER-ROW; AND T. BOOSEY, OLD BROAD-STREET. 1818. [Page 600]

CASE CLOSED.