UNRUH AND CRITTENDEN FINED,
Judge Slack Upholds the Dignity of His Court.
[Rather than "upholding" the Supreme Law of the land, eh your 'honor'?]
NO ARMS ARE ALLOWED.
His Honor Saw Unruh Stand and Level a Pistol at Crittenden.
EMMA A. ASHLEY HELD.
Judge Joachimsen, After Hearing Evidence, Reduces the Bail to $5000.The aftermath of the shooting and display of revolvers in Judge Slack's courtroom Thursday morning was fines of $100 and $250 imposed, respectively, upon Attorney James L. Crittenden and Henry A. Unruh yesterday. Unruh submitted to the decision, but Crittenden gave notice that he would appeal to the Supreme Court.
When the contempt case of the two persons was called a large crowd was present, drawn there by the association of the almost tragic affair of the day before, when Emma Ashley made a frenzied attempt to kill E.J. Baldwin and avenge the alleged wrongs of her sister Lillian.
Crittenden asked the Judge what the charge against him was. He was told that the specific charge was coming into the court armed with a loaded pistol, and that he threatened to use it.
"I utterly disclaim having made any threat of the kind, your Honor," he answered. "As to my carrying a pistol, I claim that I have that right when traveling as a resilient outside of the City limits. I have done so for years.
"Now, I claim that there can be no contempt because there was no intention to commit contempt. The right to carry firearms is guaranteed to every citizen by the constitution of this country and never has been disputed except as to concealed weapons. And that right exists in my favor wherever I may be. The only question is as to whether or not an attorney should, on entering a courtroom, disarm himself when he has no intention whatever against the dignity of the court.
"I also deny that I threatened any one. My own life was threatened when I endeavored to prevent an assault. I saw an unseemly scuffle going on between a man and a woman. I separated them and the man had a pistol. He stood with it in his hand and endeavored to cock it. Seeing that and also seeing that the weapon was leveled directly at me 1 put my hand behind me, and only to protect myself. It was impossible for me to determine whether Mr. Unruh intended to use the weapon or not; I only saw him with it.
"I would like to ask. Is an attorney to be at the mercy of others by being unable to protect himself? I have been shot several times, and my arms are almost useless as a means of defense, so I have to protect myself in some other way. For thirty years and during the war I have carried a pistol, and I have only had occasion to draw it once. On that occasion I did not kill the person, although all persons present said I ought to have done so.
"Had this young woman killed Mr. Baldwin--and I want to say right here I am glad she did not--the plaintiff would have lost all her rights in this case and all litigation would have boen ended. So there was certainly no motive for a conspiracy on the part of the lady, her sister or any one else to kill Mr. Baldwin.
"And, had I intended to use my weapon upon Mr. Unruh, I could have done so fatally without any difficulty. Those who know me know that I can use a pistol. But I did not so intend, but merely to protect myself. My life has been threatened in court and Judges have known of my taking means to protect myself and have not objected. Once, in the United States court, this occurred and Judge Hoffman knew of my being armed. It is the same for me to carry a pistol as it is for other men to carry a penknife, and I have a pocket made for it in my pantaloons. Without my pistol I am at the mercy of a stronger man."
Henry Unruh on being asked what he had to say, replied that while he was wrenching the revolver from Emma Ashley he heard a voice behind him saying, "Let that woman alone." He feared an attack in the rear, and jerking the weapon from the woman he turned around and saw Crittenden facing him and preparing to draw his weapon. He had no intention of firing.
"But did you not stand with the pistol pointing at Mr. Crittenden ?" asked Judge Slack.
"I was so disturbed I did not exactly know what I did. I only saw Mr. Crittenden's movements and thought 'If he draws on me I am done for.' I held the pistol up and did not point it at Crittenden.
"Your Honor," said the attorney, "saw Mr. Unrun point the weapon at me. I prefer to have your statement."
"As I held the pistol pointing up in the air," said Unruh, "I was wondering what kind of a gun it was, and if it would be useful in case I should be obliged to use it."
"I saw Mr. Unruh standing on the floor with the pistol pointed at Mr. Crittenden," observed Judge Slack. "He probably in his excitement did not know that he was doing so, but he was certainly in that position. It is necessary for me to preserve the dignity of this court and to inflict punishment for what occurred here yesterday. I have no feeling other than as an officer of justice." [Beleive that you are BOUND by oath to preserve the "dignity" of the CONSTITUTION, your 'honor' - NOT the 'court'. (Which is just a creature of that SUPREME instrument). Your 'decision' or 'opinion' is MEANINGLESS if it contravenes that SUPREME LAW in ANY way, shape, or form PERIOD.]
"The greatest fault of Mr. Crittenden lay in bringing a loaded pistol into court. No attorney, nor any other person, shall bring a weapon here with my knowledge. [REALLY, your TRAITOR-ship? And what of the SUPREME LAW OF THE LAND, which unequivocally states; "The Right of the People to Keep and Bear Arms shall NOT be infringed."] The court is perfectly able to protest, its officers from harm, if its attention is called to any threats made against any one. Mr. Crittenden, as an officer of this court, should know this. By threats in this instance I refer to the attempt of Mr. Crittenden to draw a weapon. As to Mr. Unruh, I saw him point the pistol at the attorney, and I cannot be mistaken. His arm was extended and the weapon was on a level with his eye. The action was unmistakably threatening.
"I shall therefore [Throw the SUPREME LAW ASIDE and] impose a fine of $100 on Mr. Unruh and one of $250 on Mr. Crittenden, or imprisonment in the County Jail at the rate of one day for every $1 of the fines."
Unruh stated through his attorney that he would submit to the decision, but Crittenden informed the court that he declined to pay the fine and would appeal to the Supreme Court. Upon this Judge Slack ordered him into the custody of the Sheriff.
"Does your Honor wish to humiliate me?" asked Crittenden. "I have a little money myself and 1 can furnish ample security for my appearance here. I am not going to run away."
"I have no such desire, Mr. Crittenden," answered the court. "I will stay execution until Monday next so as to give you time to prepare."
This ended the contempt proceedings for the day, and the parties, with their friends, filed out of the courtroom. Attorney Crittenden stated in an interview that he would test the constitutionality of the deadly-weapon law and also plead his inability to protect himself without a weapon; also the extenuating circumstances of the case in his favor.[The San Francisco Call, San Francisco, Saturday, July 04, 1896. Volume LXXX.--No. 34. Pg. 7]
"The personal liberty of individuals, it has been well said, 'consists in the power of locomotion, of changing situation, or moving one's person to whatsoever place one's own inclination may direct, without imprisonment or restraint, unless by due course of law.' 1 Bl. Comm. p. 134, c. 1.[Page 165 U.S. 275, 293]And if congress cannot act "in disregard of the express injunctions of the constitution", neither can the courts. For the courts are nothing more than a creature of the Constitution. Under the authority of congress, which is expressly granted by the Constitution. And BOTH congress AND the courts are EXPRESSLY BOUND by the Constitution of the United States. Neither are permitted to act or rule outside of the express provisions of that Supreme Law. Nor can they enact or impose 'regulations' or 'rules' which clearly violate that Supreme Law. To Wit:
"Can the decision of the court be sustained under the clause of the constitution granting power to congress to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the several states? That power cannot be exerted except with due regard to other provisions of the constitution, particularly those embodying the fundamental guaranties of life, liberty, and property. While congress may enact regulations for the conduct of commerce with foreign nations and among the states, and may, perhaps, prescribe punishment for the violation of such regulations, it may not, in so doing, ignore other clauses of the constitution. For instance, a regulation of commerce cannot be sustained which, in disregard of the express injunctions of the constitution...."--Mr. Justice HARLAN, in dissent, U.S. Supreme Court, ROBERTSON v. BALDWIN, 165 U.S. 275 (1897).
U.S. Constitution, Section IV, Article VI, 2nd clause;
"This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding."
U.S. Constitution, Article II of Amendment, "Restrictive" clause;And this FACT was reaffirmed by the U.S. Supreme Court in more recent years:
"The Right of the People to Keep and Bear Arms shall NOT be infringed."
"A higher power declares this constitution and the laws of the United States which shall be made in pursuance thereof, shall be the supreme laws of the land, and the judges in every state shall be bound thereby, any thing in the constitution or laws of any state to the contrary notwithstanding" Const U.S., art. 6, clause 2.
"An amendment of the constitution is of still higher authority, for it has the effect of controlling and repealing the express provisions of the constitution authorizing a power to be exercised, by a declaration that it shall not be construed to give such power. 3 Dall 382.
"We have stated to you the various provisions of the constitution of the United States and its amendments, as well as that of this state; you see their authority and obligation to be supreme over any laws or regulations which are repugnant to them, or which violate, infringe or impair any right thereby secured; the conclusions which result are too obvious to be more than stated."--U.S. Supreme Court Justice BALDWIN, Circuit Court of The United States, [PENNSYLVANIA APRIL TERM 1833 BEFORE Hon. HENRY BALDWIN, Associate Justice of the [U.S.] Supreme Court, Hon JOSEPH HOPKINSON District Judge, Johnson v Tompkins, (13 F. Cas. 840 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1833)), and others.]
"Where rights secured by the Constitution are involved, there can be no rule making or legislation which would abrogate them."--U.S. Supreme Court, Miranda vs. Arizona, 384 US 436, 491, (1966).CASE CLOSED.
Communist Rule
Waning Fast. Say
Siberian Cables
Messages From Vladivostok
to the American-Russian
Chamber Here Says Pria-
mur Government GrowsCablegrams from Vladivostok received by the American-Russian Chamber of Commerce, with offices in the Woolworth Building, say that the Communist forces are weakening and that only a lack of financial backing prevents the population from overthrowing the Soviet government, it was announced yesterday. The cablegram are signed by Vladimir Kolesnikoff Prime and Foreign Minister Priamur government. The cablegrams read:
"In spite of unfavorable francial conditions and attempts of Communists to interfere with the Priamur government work by means of strikes and propaganda, the Priamur government continues to take measures for the re-establishment of normal conditions of law and order. The Priamur government, re-established independent courts, abolished all restrictions pertaining to the possession of private property and presented to the National Assembly a project of election law for members of the Constituent Assembly, which will be invested with power to establish a temporary government until the restoration of all Russian power.
"Ninety per cent of the population supports the Priamur government. A big majority of the rural population is anti-communistic, but is disarmed and terrified by Communists and partisans. In general, in spite of communist propaganda, the position of the Priamur government becomes stronger every day. The general strike proposed by the Bolsheviki failed, as 80 per cent of the laborers refused to support it. From Amur and the Trans-Baikal district have arrived petitions for help. If prompt financial support is rendered the population will immediately overthrow the Communist power.
"Complete unification of national groups has been reached, as some of the national political groups which differed with the general national movement with regard to non-recognition of Ataman Semenoff as commander in chief and supreme ruler of the territory of the Priamur government, have now joined the Priamur government, while former so-called Seminoff troops recognized the authority of the Priamur government. Thus all national anti-communist forces are now headed by the Priamur government and the few groups still hostile to the national movement consist of the local Communist party, which grows more and more disorganized, and of a score of social revolutionaries who preach ideas of agreement with Communists and of a few local leaders of the constitutional Democratic party, already compromised by their co-operation with the Communists."[New-York Tribune, Monday, September 26, 1921. Vol. LXXXI No. 27,343 Pg. 3]
FOREIGN NEWS
Crisis of the Red Rebellion
Death to the Rich & the Priests!
Whispers of the Guillotine
Paris to be Attacked To-day
By Thiers and the Germans
Threatened Attack of the Reds
On Versailles Last Night!
FRANCE.
The commune Installed--A Funny
way of Abolishing Conscription.London, March 30.--Paris advices state that at noon yesterday, the Sub-Central Committee remitted its powers to me Communal council and that a proclamation, announcing the fact to the citizens, was at once issued. A decree was also made public abolishing conscription, stating that no force except the National Guards will be introduced into Paris, and ordering that all ablebodied male citizens shall belong to the National Guard. Another decree remits lodgers' rents from Oct, 7 to April, 1871. The sale of all pawned articles is suspended. Another decree orders all public officials, on pain of dismissal, to disregard all orders emanating from the Versailles Government. The Place Vendome is placarded with decrees of the Commune. All documents from the Versailles authorities are forbidden circulation in Paris. Deputies Delesciuse and Courniet, desiring a reunion with the Communists, have resigned their scats in the Assembly.
A proclamation bearing the caption of The Federation National" urges the citizens of Paris to prove for themselves and their descendents the value of liberty; that they will surely assist in founding a universal republic.
Great Exodus From Paris-- Suppressing Religious Worship.
Paris grows sadder in appearance daily. One hundred and sixty thousand people have left the city in the past ten days. Chaplains are ordered to cease the celebration of mass in the prisons. The insurance offices have been searched by order of the Commune for jewels and money deposited by the Empress Eugenie.
Ferry goes to Brussels to take part in the peace negotiations. Troops from the South and West of France are ordered to concentrate at Angenloume. The Marine infantry are at Versailles and expect to be reviewed on Sunday in the Champs Lie Mars, Paris.
German Rule.
London, March 31. A dispatch from Berlin says the state of siege in districts of France occupied by the 1st, 2d, 8th, 10th and 11th corps has become raised from March 27. Prisoners however are still to be subject to trial by court martial.
The Echo du Parlement of Brussels says a convention has been signed modifying the preliminaries of peace by granting a delay in the payment of the five hundred million francs due April 1.
Gambetta's Old Trick.
The Independence Belge stales that Ulric Foovielle is organizing a force of 300,000 National Guards at St. Germain for the support of law and order.
A Desperate Struggle Impending.
A special dispatch to the London Times anticipates an approaching struggle which must be of a desperate character. Le Vengeur threatens the forcible ejection of the National Assembly from Versailles. The insurgents seem confident that the Government troops will not fight. Blanqui gives information that the Paris cabinet followed the example set by Mazzini in founding his ministry in Rome.
Want to Sell the Royal Residences.
The Communal Council is deliberating on a proposal to pay the Prussian indemnify by selling Versailles for one milliard francs to an Anglo American company; St. Cloud for eight hundred millions of francs to German gambling proprietors, and Fontainebleau for five hundred millions of francs.
The Meat Supply of Paris Cut Off.
A Daily New special dispatch from Versailles says the Government stops all horses and cattle from entering Paris.
The mails to and from Paris are greatly delayed and it is expected will be stopped entirely.
The Communists are actively disarming the loyal nationals.
Whispers of the Guillotine.
The evening addition of the Times contains a letter describing the situation in Paris as critical. The gravest apprehensions are felt in all quarters. Measures for proscriptions are entirely enforced everywhere and the significant word "guillotine," though spoken only in a whisper, is in everybody's mouth.
The Germans will Take Hold when Theirs Fails.
The Evening Standard has a dispatch reporting that the Germans will occupy Paris immediately upon the downfall of the Theirs government. The insurrection at Marseilles is dying out. Lyons is quiet.
Consternation--Death to the Rich and the Priests!
Paris, March 31.--Special to the World. All is consternation. The watch-word of the Commune is, Death to the rich, to land owners, to priests. The guillotine will soon be decreed. The inmates of many houses have been marked as good for the guillotine. Drafts on the Treasury are not paid either in Paris or Versailles.
The Crisis Come! Thiers and the Germans Attack Paris this Morning, If the Insurgents Have not Already Flanked Them.
Paris, March 31. World special.--The Government has completed arrangements for moving against Paris. The troops will move simultaneously with the Germans along the line by Montmartre and Derry. Learning this, the Commune have resolved to march on Versailles tonight with thirty thousand National Guards via Montrouge and Camp Sartony where the infantry of the line is stationed. Overcoming or fraternizing these, they will proceed to Versailles and dispose of the Assembly. The new decrees issued by the Commune make the workmen wild with delight.[Nashville Union and American, Nashville, Tenn., Saturday, April 01, 1871. New Series. No. 804. Pg. 1]
A Woman's Observations
Edna K. Wooley
SOME THINGS WE DON'T WANT.There seems to be a universal passion, just now, to use the public schools and public school children for all sorts of new things.
The latest use of school children is proposed by the government itself. It would develop a nation of sharpshooters, apparently. At any rate, Acting Secretary of War Oliver has written the governors of each state to put rifle practice in the public schools for all boys over 12, the war department offering prizes to be competed for by selected boys in each school.
Of all things least needed in this country which preaches peace to all the world, are experts in the use of firearms.
There is mischief enough done as it is with firearms in the hands of men and boys. We don't feel the need of making our boys any more familiar with them, or of justifying their use even with the government's encouragement.
The boys, of course, will like the idea. Almost every boy thinks it a grand thing to hold a gun in his hand, or to shoot. Every boy with good red blood in him would plague his parents to death for permission to join the rifle class. But what the boy wants isn't always good for him or for the community, and the boy who practices with a target will be tempted to take his gun outside of classes and practice on animate things. There wouldn't be a song bird left. Household pets would be slain. Human life wouldn't be safe.
If the United States wants to train men for an army, it would do better to make the attempt some other way. The people of the United States will never favor this method. Fathers and mothers aren't exactly enthusiastic about having their sons trained to kill and be killed.
We are not living in frontier days, when it is necessary for every man and boy to be a good shot. If a war should come, which every one of us is praying against, men who can shoot straight will develop fast enough, Just as they have done in the past.
Does the government think it will arouse patriotism by establishing rifle classes in our public schools? If so, it has another think coming. Gun play and patriotism are not synonymous. A government which permits monopolies to impoverish its common people and which does practically nothing to protect that solid middle class which has been the bulwark of the nation, and which is being rapidly crushed into nothing by a living cost which steadily advances beyond the average wage, won't be able to instill much patriotism into a weary and disgusted people by teaching their children to be good shots.
We want better food, better all round living conditions, a better chance to make healthy, happy, useful men of our boys. That's what we want--not guns for them to play with.[The Rock Island Argus, Wednesday, October 9, 1912. Sixty-First Year. No. 306. Pg. 4]
TO STOP GAME KILLING
LEAGUE OF AMERICAN SPORTSMAN
ADOPTS RESOLUTIONS.
Western Indians Will Not Be Allowed
to Carry Firearms--All Game
Animals to Be Protected.The annual convention of the League of American Sportsmen was held yesterday In the assembly room of the Commercial Club. About forty representatives of the league were in attendance. During the session a number of resolutions were presented denouncing unscrupulous hunters. The following officers were elected:
President--George O. Shields, New York.
First Vice President--E.S. Thompson, New York.
Second Vice President--W.T. Hornaday, New York.
Third Vice President Dr. T.S. Palmer, Washington, D.C.
Fourth Vice President A.A. Anderson, New York.
Fifth Vice President-W.A. Richards, Washington, D.C.
Secretary Arthur F. Rice, Passaic, N.J.
Treasurer Arthur Corbin, New York.
The same executive eouncil which served last year, of which President Roosevelt is a member, was reappointed. Union B. Hunt, secretary of state, and R.W. McBride, of this city, are members of the council.
Arthur F. Rice, who acted as secretary and treasurer last year, reported that the receipts were $4,605.08, while the expenditures amounted to $4,078.32, leaving a balance of $526.36.
President Shields, before adjourning the meeting, especially urged the members to make greater additions to the league the coming year. He urged the delegates to interest the wealthy men of their locality in the work being done by the league, and have them also taken out life subscriptions.
Many of the resolutions which were introduced at the session to-day were printed yesterday morning. In all of the resolutions the members of the league call attention to the manner in which all kinds of game are being killed. Yesterday afternoon A.W. Whitehead, of Denver, introduced a resolution calling attention to the loose manner in which the Indians of Utah, Wyoming, Idaho and Nevada leave their reservations and kill the game. His resolution was:
"Whereas, it is in the practice of certain Indians in Idaho, Utah, Wyoming and Colorado and other Western States to leave their reservations and make periodical incursions into adjacent States and Territories in pursuit of deer, elk and other game animals, and,
"Whereas, such hunting incursions result in great and unlawful destruction and waste of the game animals in the places so stated, and,
"Whereas, it has been found difficult for the local authorities and the Indian agents on their respective reservations to prevent such hunting incursions or to properly control the Indians when off their reservation on such hunting expeditions; therefore, be it
"Resolved, by the League of American Sportsmen, assembled in annual convention. That it is the sense and conviction of the said league that a rule should be adopted by the Indian Bureau and rigidly enforced absolutely prohibiting and preventing any and all Indians in any State or Territory west of the 87th meridian from carrying firearms or having the same in their possession when off the reservation to which such Indians belong."
The resolution was adopted and a copy will be sent to the commissioner of Indian affairs.[The Indianapolis Journal, Indianapolis, Thursday Morning, February 13, 1902. Vol. LII---No. 44. Pg. 12]
OF WORLD WIDE INTEREST
THE JAPANESE IN HAWAII
BY FREDERIC J. HASKINHONOLULU. T.H.-Hawaii Is not an "Insular possession" like the Philippines or Porto Rico. It is as much a part of the United States as New Mexico or Arizona. Notwithstanding its purely American political status, the question of the hour in Hawaii is the Americanization of the Islands. Why? Because Hawaii, an American territory, has a population of 160,000, of which 100,000 is oriental. Of this number 75,000 are Japanese. The most spoken language in the territory is Japanese. The most widespread religion ia Buddhism. Apart from the small communities in the towns the social life of the islands is oriental rather than occidental.
Those persons who believe that the opposition to oriental immigration manifesting itself among nany white peoples in various quarters of the globe is the result of a mere bugaboo, would do well to consider the case of Hawaii, brightest of Neptune's insular jewels. Every white man in Honolulu will agree, that the Japanese have driven the white artisan from the islands, that the Japanese have made it more difficult to persuade small farmers to take up homesteads, and that the Japanese are now slowly but surely crowding out the white man from retail business. They have already made a beginning in the wholesale business, and have an eye on the immense trade of the big importing houses. The Chinese came to Hawaii before the Japanese. They were stopped by the annexation of the islands to the United States, but there are still 20,000 of them here. They have had their share of retail merchandising, but they have ventured upon nothing like the general campaign of competition which has been pursued by the Japanese.
When Hawaii was annexed to the United States in 1898 there were many people here, who were annexationists merely for fear of Japan. The Tokio government had picked a quarrel with Honolulu and there was not the slightest doubt among the Japanese in Hawaii that the Rising Sun flag would float over Honolulu harbor and advance the power of Japan a long step toward the rich Occident. The raising of the American flap put an end to those dreams for awhile, but the Japanese continued to reach out in a business way. After awhile the government-inspired immigration companies made Hawaii merely a stepping stone to the richer opportunities on the mainland. Thousands ot Japanese came to Hawaii under passports permitting them to go no farther. They stopped a few months, made enough money for a suit of American clothes and the steerage passage to San Francisco. Then Hawaii saw them no more.
The poor, ignorant Japanese coolies who toll with their wives in Hawaiian cane fields must not be made to bear the whole burden of the blunder of permitting the Hawaiian islands to become orientalised. At first they came under contract as contract laborers; in other words, with little more freedom than slaves. They were brought here in the good old days of the monarchy to work on the sugar plantations--the same plantations which owed their very being to the reciprocity treaty with the United States. Chinese, Japanese, South Sea Islanders, Porto Ricans, Spaniards, Portuguese and many other nationalities have been brought here to work in the cane fields. The oriental labor was found to be more to the liking of the planters because it was cheap and easy to obtain, and because the coolie is content to remain a coolie.
SUGAR IS KING IN
HAWAII AND ALL MUST
BOW TO THE MONARCH
But after awhile the coolies were followed by Japanese of other classes who came to sell them goods, teach them lessons and guide their religion. Artisans and mechanics poured in from Japan and the white mechanic took a ship and sailed away. It is not only that the Japanese will work for less money than a white man that he drives his western competitor from the field. The superior ability of the white man might make up for the difference in wages. But the Japanese lower the dignity of labor and white men become ashamed to earn their bread by the sweat of their brow. This has been the case in all history wherever a cheaper and inferior labor has interfered with natural conditions. A white boy in Honolulu would scorn to be seen pushing a lawn mower because that is "Jap's work." So it still is in the southern states to some extent where certain employments are beyond the pale as "niggers' Jobs."
What Hawaii needs more than anything else is a solid middle class of White people of European or American extraction. All its public men recognize that imperative need and are working to that end, although careful to say nothing against the Japanese who have caused all the trouble. There are reasons for their conciliatory attitude. In the first place it is not well to rouse the ire of half the population by introducing a race question into a community where there is room for a dozen such issues. And then, too, the Japaness who were born on the Islands are citizens. When they reach 21 they will have tho right to vote. Whether they will gain control of affairs or not a not a question for the immediate future, but it certainly will not bo long until they are a potent factor in politics.
But more potent even than this political force is the awe of King Sugar, from which no Hawwaiian may declare himself free. The Islands live by sugar; they have sacrificed many things for sugar; the sugar barons are its business giants, and sugar needs cheap labor. Even yet the sugar planters, or some of them, have hopes that the United States will remove the restrictions from Chinese labor and will admit them to the islands. Some of them chafe at the recently imposed restriction of Japanese labor, but even the sugar barons as a whole seem to see that the Japanese were becoming too numerous. The threatened buying up of sugar stocks by Japanese capital may have had something to do with their attitude. Among the more progressive planters are men who realize that Hawaii ought not to bring in any more orientals, even if it could, and these are looking to the south of Europe for relief.
Although they came to Hawaii at the invitation of the sugar planters and the Hawaiian government, the Japanese have become the masters of the social and industrial life of the territory. More than 10,000 were brought in under iron-clad contracts in the years between 1885 and 1890. The tide was swelled each succeeding year, until tho recent restrictions. Where each month used to bring from 500 to 600, the number coming in now is not above 150 a month. These are, under the agreement, relatives of Japanese already residing in Hawaii.
JAPANESE WAR VETERANS
KEEP UP AN ORGANIZATION
IN THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS
The great majority go to the cane fields, where they work for $18 a month, the month consisting of twenty-six days of ten hours each. The old contract system, which would be peonage, is abolished under American rule, but the laborers are still very much bound to the soil. Nevertheless, their condition is vastly improved over what it was in Japan. A year's wages for a farm hand in Japan is less than $18. Of course living costs more in Hawaii, but the average Japanese laborer lives on $10 or $12 a month and saves $6 or $8. In a short time he is a wealthy man, according to his standards. Before the law prevented, a large portion of these savings went to steamships for transportation to the Pacific coast. Now many go back to Japan, but since the immigration restriction there is less migration, and the Japanese dcclare they are in Hawaii to stay.
The cane field laborers have found out that they could make more money by working in the sugar mills, with the result that semi-skilled labor of the mills has been taken away from white men and given to Japanese. The same spirit of progress which formerly carried them on to the mainland of the Union will now keep them In Hawaii, for they see that the chance to improve their condition is better now that immigration has been curtailed and the door of greater hope on the mainland has been closed.
Servile he may be now, but the Hawaiian Japanese will not be content to remain so. When the Tokio government used some rough language to Washington at the time of the San Francisco school question, Hawaii knew all about It, and the cocky Japanese were bold enough to boast that the Japanese flag, instead of the Stars and Stripes, would soon fly over the islands. Events have cooled their patriotism to the point of keeping their mouths shut, but it is safe to say that nine out of every ten Japanese in the islands think that Japan could take Hawaii whenever it pleased, and that it is likely to please.
Several thousand veterans of the war with Russia are now working in Hawaii. They have been the nucleus for many wild rumors of military organizations and uprisings, most of which were made of whole cloth. But it is true, nevertheless, that these veterans keep up organizations, Just as veterans of wars in every nation do. They may be seen on Sunday marching about the country in military formation, but they declare that their only purpose is a social reunion.
So much alarm was caused by this sort of thing that the territorial legislature last year passed a law requiring all owners of firearms to register them with the county clerks. The result was that the Japanese were shown to possess fewer firearms than the people of any other nationality. But even in Hawaii there are those who doubt these returns. It is known that the United States war department took serious interest in this registration and examination. An officer of the Russian general staff also came to Honolulu to inquire into the results of the registration and to examine the Japanese veteran organization. The Japanese are sly and clever, but their reputation for trickery has become so general that they are being closely watched in every quarter.(Copyright, 1908, by Frederic J. Haskin.)
Now THAT throws a little more light on to the later happenings at Pearl Harbor, doesn't it? In addition to being totally disgusting. Due to the fact that our government had ample prior knowledge, as is evidenced above. And it becomes even more despicable when it is remembered that there were MULTIPLE WARNINGS:[Los Angeles Herald, Saturday Morning, May 09, 1908. Vol. XXXV. Number 220 Pg. 4]
31 Years Advance Warning!
Deaf, dumb, blind AND hypocritical....
Deaf, dumb, blind AND hypocritical federal government revisited....
Gross ineptitude of the Treasonous kind....
AMERICANS GOOD SHOTS
INHERENT FONDNESS FOR THE RIFLE
MAKES FINE MARKSMEN.
Necessity Insured Perfection--War
With Spain Has Again Demonstrated
Accuracy of Yankees--Easy to Make
a Soldier.The war with Spain has demonstrated one thing quite clearly and that is that the American gunner knows how to shoot. His nice accuracy in pointing his weapon has produced most satisfactory results. This skill has been met by an inefficiency on the part of the Spaniard almost pitiful.A DEAD SHOT.
Indeed, it seems like taking advantage of the situation to shoot at men who appear to have no notion that the ultimate purpose of a bullet is to end up somewhere with a bone-breaking, muscle-rending crash, and not keep indefinitely on plowing the air.
There are several reasons why Americans do and should shoot well. We are still but a few stages removed from the pioneer in many sections of the country, and the rifle to the pioneer has been as necessary as the ax. He has depended upon it to furnish him a good share of his food and clothing. and in many localities the protection it gave him from the Indians constituted his sole lease on life, consequently it became traditional that all Americans should shoot well.
Even to-day. aside from that unfortunate class confined in the large cities, almost every citizen has something of an acquaintance with firearms, and frequently a very great handiness in their use. For he has all the Anglo-Saxon's fondness for sport, and he has what the Anglo-Saxon has not--unless he be of the so-called favored class--namely, every opportunity to indulge that fondness. The woods and fields are still open; he can hunt as much as he likes, and where he likes. A certain curious affection for firearms is the result, and a liking to handle them, for one may become just as fond of a gun as of a horse or a dog.
A man with these inclinations can be made into a soldier with very little trouble. There is nothing he has to master of the care or use of firearms. He learned all that as a boy when he tramped the fields and woods in quest of the elusive but highly desirable "cottontail." or surreptitiously slaughtered song birds in his destructive thirst for proficiency. The skill gained he is ready to turn to the very best account as a soldier, when it is seen that he has the extremely harmful habit of aiming his gun. He is not content with merely discharging it. He wants to land his bullet where it will do the most good.Handy With a Gun.
In the far West the need that still exists to go armed makes every man rather expert with his gun, and the cowboy regiments will probably serve to open the eyes of the Spaniards as to what a soldier may achieve with a revolver or rifle in the gentle art of filling your fellow-creature full of lead.
In the Revolutionary war it was the skill of our soldiers with their favorite weapon that won battle after battle. Even the cavalry used the rifle in preference to the saber: indeed, most of the so-called cavalry troops were in reality mounted riflemen.
It was the famous "minute men." with their long rifles, that threw a bullet no larger than a pea, that drove back the regulars at Lexington, with.a loss in killed and wounded of over 300 of their number.
It was the close shooting of these same "minute men"--raw farmers--that, under General Stark, defeated Burgoyne and his splendidly trained German mercenaries.
Later, in the civil war, it was this skill that made the battles of the period bloody beyond anything recorded In history.
The freedom of the citizen in the use of weapons was found to be responsible for a curious condition at the outset of the rebellion. As cavalrymen the volunteers viewed the saber with mistrust, much preferring to pin their faith to the arm with which they were most familiar.
The effect of horsemen charging, sword in hand was very great in all European armies and it was one of the military maxims of the time that the cavalry relying on fire arms must surely be beaten.
In America the idea of the common soldier, at least, was quite different, and at the breaking out of the war the volunteers displayed an extraordinary contempt for the saber. The very small force of regular horse, trained on the approved European plan, alone placed trust in it.
The Southern troops in particular so heartily despised the weapon that nothing could make them give way to a charge of cavalry saber in hand. Lines of skirmishers and lines of battle when charged by the regularly equipped cavalry of the North would send up a jeering cry, "Here, boys, are those fools coming again with their swords; give it to them!"
The Western troops had the same feeling at first, and when the "rough riders" of the '60s were molded into cavalry they showed the utmost reluctance to abandon the rifle. At the very beginning of the war much of the cavalry was hastily raised and very imperfectly armed, often with double-barreled shotguns, which did deadly work at close quarters when loaded with a handful of slugs or buckshot. So armed they would charge at-full speed and deliver their fire in the very faces of their enemy, and then dash through with a dreadful thumping of gun butts on the men's heads.[The Kansas City Sunday Journal, Kansas City, July 3, 1898. Volume XLI. No. 23. Pg. 11]
Miners Arming
For Strike War
in W. Virginia
State Police Learn Large
Quantities of Rifles and
Machine Guns Have Been
Sent From Cincinnati
Militia Ready to Act
Life and Death Battle Is
Expected if Coal Men
Go Out on April 1
Special Dispatch to The TribuneCHARLESTON, W, Va., March 16.--Firearms in large quantities, including high powered rifles and machine guns, are being shipped into the Kanawha coal region in expectation of trouble if the coal mines shut down on April 1, Colonel Jackson Arnold, Superintendent of State Police, learned to-day. Following receipt of this information Colonel Arnold went into conference with Governor Morgan. Later the Governor said the state would take no action, as there is no law against importation of firearms.
The state police chief said he received his information from numerous coal operators in the area surrounding Charleston and adjoining counties. An investigation, he added, revealed the information was true and that shipments of firearms and ammunition were received from Cincinnati.
Colonel Arnold said his organization Would seize the firearms whenever there is any development to warrant a search of private property. He added that the headquarter's detachment of police police would be reinforced by troopers stationed at various points in northern West Virginia and that forces would be prepared for an emergency.
Meanwhile John H. Charnock, Adjutant General, said companies of the National Guard at Logan, Charleston, Mount Hope, St. Albans, Welch and Williamson were ready for action and would be called to duty if trouble developed.
Recent indications, coal operators say, point to a "life and death" battle when the present union contract expires and the operators' proposal is placed before the miners as individuals.
The Kanawha Coal Operators' Association met in executive session to-day and reiterated its former action in opposing a continuation of the check-off and closed shop. Further consideration of a new wage scale was postponed until March 7 by the board of directors. The association will meet March 9 to hear the board's report.
It was the sentiment of the operators that they were placed in the position of framing a fair wage scale because their invitation to the United-Mine Workers to meet in a joint conference had been rejected. It was indicated both sides are determined to carry out their demands.[New-York Tribune, Friday, March 17, 1922. Vol. LXXXI No. 27,515 Pg. 4]
"He that would make his own liberty secure, must guard even his enemy from oppression; for if he violates this duty, he establishes a precedent that will reach to himself."
